That really sounds like it could be a problem with your video card drivers. Since the Legacy renderer works, but other more modern ones don't, that makes me suspicious of drivers, not other software. Also, the "white" problem makes me think it is a rendering problem, not elsewhere in the filter chain.
I'd do this:
1. Get your directshow filters back to a "known-good" state. Remove everything, reboot, install ONLY CCCP (at least for now).
2. Set the Playback Method for ALL video file types back to fully Automatic. No special selections of any kind.
3. Download the latest version of your GPU's drivers from the vendor (AMD, Nvidia, or Intel).
4. Remove the old drivers.
5. REBOOT. Do not skip this because you are lazy.
6. Install the new drivers.
7. Now try again.
Does it work? If not, does that same file work in Windows Media Player? How about Media Player Classic?
Also, what version of Windows are you on?