To be honest I'm not surprised the hardware has been blamed - software developers blame hardware (and hardware developers blame the software)
None of the reporting tools I have on the system show any problems with the file system or disks though, and none of the other software I run appears to have any issues. It just seems odd that only the Media Center software has problems and when removed I don't see any corruption in the Roaming Data directory.
I don't think it is possible that MC could write all over the directory like that, without something else seriously going wrong on the system.
What reporting tools have you tried? You mentioned chkdsk, which will only show inconsistencies in filesystem metadata, and says nothing about the underlying disk condition, or the condition of the files themselves on the disk. And, it seemed like you deleted the directories where the corruption occurred
before you did the chkdsk, which makes the reporting it provides of limited value (because it was obviously that metadata that was damaged, and files corrupted in the process).
I don't know if it is hardware. It could be a whole variety of things, but I'm reasonably sure that MC couldn't do that "accidentally" (not without serious problems that would be likely to recur on many systems). Hardware is probably a good guess, though, and it does sound like you're running in a pretty unsafe condition.
However, I'd take these steps:
0. Make a backup of C if you haven't.
1. Determine if disk failure is imminent. This would mean performing read testing across the surface of your disks, not relying on SMART data, which may or may not be accurate or helpful (depending on the specific make/model of disks you have, really).
HD Tune can do an error scan. Your RAID software might be able to do this too.
If you determine that one of your disks is failing, or your RAID manager shows drop outs, or anything else, then take action immediately.
2. Use the
Windows system file checker. If this fails, you have corrupt OS files. SFC might be able to repair them, but if not, it usually points to deeper trouble.
3. Check RAM for failure with
memtest86+.
4. Check thoroughly for malware.
5. If all of the above checks out, and you are using an unusual Security suite, or one of the more aggressive variety, remove it completely and try going with Windows Defender for a few days. See if you can get the error to recur.
If all of that doesn't resolve the issue, then I'm low on ideas. Other, more esoteric hardware failures could be involved, but normally one would turn up in those tests. The last thing I'd probably do would be to do a solid CPU test like Prime95's Torture Test overnight.