As of right now, what version/build of MC and what distro/version of Linux is recommended to get the best experience?
Only Debian is officially supported so Debian is the easy answer. There are builds for Debian Wheezy and Debian Jessie. Jessie will have newer software so if you plan to use the machine for anything other than MC, Jessie may be a better bet. If it's a dedicated MC machine either one should work.
People have MC running on all kinds of distros though. If want a very "windows-like" experience, I agree with Awesome Donkey, Mint is very nice and works "pretty well" out of the box.
Also, is there a recommended gui/desktop environment?
That's mostly a matter of preference and what your hardware will bear. There are lots and lots of different DEs, but many are tied to a single distro or don't have wide adoption. Be aware that many distros effectively only ship with one or two DEs, so your distro choice can dictate your DE. Some DE's are also only packaged on certain distros, so that can limit your choice too (Unity being the main example).
Debian offers a choice of desktops (the task selector on the installer offers four, but you can install some others manually after installation). I like Gnome, alot, and it's the default desktop in Debian. It does have a comparatively big memory and processor footprint (about like a modern version of Windows might have).
XFCE is lighter weight but still has most of the things you'd want in a desktop environment. I've used it happily on older hardware. LXDE is lighter still, but is missing some things that make it less useful (to me) as a day to day desktop (like compositing/vsync).
If you're thinking about Mint, the default build ships with the Cinnamon DE which is a fork/modification of the Gnome desktop to give it a more traditional desktop experience. It has a similar resource load to Gnome. If you like Cinnamon, but want to run Debian for support reasons, you can manually install Cinnamon on Debian too.
I've run MC in all of these desktop environments, but things work best "out of the box" on Gnome and Cinnamon in my experience (fullscreen is a little wonky on XFCE sometimes).