MC's views use metadata (essentially always; there can be exceptions) for fast presentation. But this metadata comes from file tags, the file system, and other calculations. So your assumption about file tags-only is incorrect.
The stock views use basic tags such as Album, Artist, Album Artist, Date, etc. If these do not separate or group your files/albums the way you want (and you don't want to change tags), then you have to create custom views that allow you to manipulate the data you do have at hand, to present the albums the way you want.
screen 1 works essentially for you, because it is a view that uses the file system path metadata as the basis for grouping.
screen 3 looks like you have defined the view as a File List and have the List Style set to Thumbnails instead of Album Thumbnails. So check the tab's pull-down under List Style.
You can create your own Albums view using the FileFolder() function as marko indicated. If this isn't doing what you expect, show a screenshot of your view definition (Customize View).