I completely get why you want that, but if your request is specifically around playlists, then no. I can't think of a way for you to build it manually, even with this addition.
Now, if you wanted to make a View that would show [Album]s (or any other field in MC) which have had any one file started, but not all of them finished, then you could do that. It'd be a bit complicated, but could be done with a strategy similar to
my existing Favorite Artists or Current Shows Views.
The basic idea would be:
1. Make a Smartlist that does a search for any audio file (filtered appropriately so weird stuff doesn't sneak in) where [Date Last Opened] is within X days.
2. Then, as the last item on that list, add ~expand=Album. This will fill it with all of the tracks from any album where any one file was played in the last X days (whether the track was finished or not). And at the end, you might possibly need to remove duplicates, but probably not.
3. File this Smartlist away in a Utility folder or something. You won't use this directly in everyday usage.
4. Then, make a separate View (or Smartlist if you prefer, but it would be more useful as a View) and add p="YOUR PLAYLIST'S NAME HERE" as the first search item. Then add a second filter for [Last Played] is not within X days. This will take that first list you made, and filter out any of them that were already played. Also add a ~sort
5. Add View Categories to the view to make it useful. Like [Artist] and [Album] or maybe just [Album] for example.
Then, this new View will automatically show the not-recently-played tracks for any Album where at least 1 track was played within the last X days.
You might be able to do it with playlists by using playlists as a source (in the utility smartlist), adding ~seq, and then filtering the view with a Playlists filtering Category. But I'm not
positive you'd be able to pull it off properly.