So what is the solution?
The elements are clear and simple.
First element: money directly to the artist. The artist controls to whom he/she then hands the money to. Possession has always been the yeoman part of the law. Call it the right to first possession. A lot of good would come from merely making it illegal for the first payee to be anyone but the artist.
Second element measure what artists are being listened to.
If we can sample and predict elections, and the share of TV or radio audiences, certainly we can sample and measure the relative listenings of artists. Use paid Nelson-like-ratings samplings, if necessary.
Third element: distribute the money proportionaltely to each artist.
What money? That is easy. After all 'money' is just a number in an account. Dollars, Euros, Globals, whatever. Put the appropriate number in the global account. Declare it legal tender. Distribute it proportionately, directly to the artist. By computer, using software, with e-cash. Who writes the software? JRiver of course. A new BuyButton. The artist registers his account, clicks on the BuyButton and the JRiver system appropriately steers the e-cash. JRiver can become one of many clearing houses, all interconnected.