EDIT: Nevermind I didn't look at the images properly. You actually have all the sample rates being displayed. No idea what your problem could be then.. Other than the fact none of your sample rates in the Windows Menu show the possibility of 16-bit support. Try playing a 24-bit file, and if that doesn't work, then you got some real issue that would need quite a deep dive by Audioquest as to why they're disabling 16-bit support in the Windows Sound Settings.
I think the same happens to me. I was just wondering. For your issue, if you try to a play a file that matches any of the sample rates found in the Windows Sound setting at the time (looking at the prior images you provided, you tried to run a 44.1 file, but the only options available are 48kHz) it fails. So what I want you to try, is to attempt to run a file, that matches the sample rates possible at the time in the Windows Sound Settings.
For me, I am able to play the file. But if the sample rate doesn't match whatever is in Windows Sound settings, then it fails no matter what.
The reason for this seems simply, when I installed the ASIO driver, the WDM default driver seems to be overridden entirely when using USB input on my DAC. For whatever reason RME split up the entire way sample rates are handled, and the ASIO control panel can be used to change sample rates to desired ones, and when running music through MC while having the ASIO driver engaged, there is no issue, and the sample rate is switchable by MC to whatever is required.
For whatever reason, this has basically poisoned the way WASAPI works, and because Windows Sound Settings will only display 4 options in the sample rate option screen, it fails to playback anything not found within those 4 configurations.
So if you have something like a 96kHz sample rate in the sound settings, you only get:
1 Channel, 96kHz, 16 bit
1 Channel, 96kHz, 24 bit
2 Channel, 96kHz, 16 bit
2 Channel, 96kHz, 24 bit
The only way to change these four, into another four, for me would be to use the ASIO interface. But with the installation of the RME driver, you lose the typical sample rates between 44.1 and 192kHz options for some reason usually found in the Windows Sound settings (seems idiotic to me). It seems like like every sample rate, acts as it's own "device".
But yeah, the issue simply seems to be that WASAPI doesn't have access or "knowledge" to access the hidden sample rates that have been disabled by the ASIO driver (which are now treated as separate devices that only ASIO has awareness of how to swap between). The only way to get this sort of functionality back for me, would be to uninstall all RME driver software, and have the default Windows driver with the normally expected options, be the ones that are on display in the Windows Sound settings menu for sample rates.
So, if you can, try to get rid of all the driver/app software for your DAC, and then see if the sample rate options return the the standard function of displaying all the sample rates possible all on one screen in the drop down menu. If so, and WASAPI still doesn't work.. Then I have no idea what the issue could be (should be an MC issue by that point).